Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23602

High

Published: 22 January 2025

Published
22 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0035 57.2th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23602 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Malicious Link (T1204.001); ranked in the top 42.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Malicious Link (T1204.001) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mandates timely identification, reporting, and correction of the specific reflected XSS flaw in the EELV Newsletter plugin through patching.

prevent

Requires filtering of information output during web page generation to neutralize malicious input and prevent JavaScript injection in reflected XSS attacks.

prevent

Implements input validation at entry points to reject or sanitize malicious payloads before they are reflected in dynamically generated web pages.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS enables attackers to craft malicious links that trigger arbitrary JS execution upon user click (T1204.001) and directly facilitates theft of web session cookies for hijacking (T1539).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Europe Ecologie Les Verts EELV Newsletter eelv-newsletter allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects EELV Newsletter: from n/a through <= 4.8.2.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23602 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, affecting the EELV Newsletter WordPress plugin developed by Europe Ecologie Les Verts. The issue impacts all versions of the plugin up to and including 4.8.2. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1, reflecting medium severity with network accessibility, low attack complexity, no required privileges, user interaction needed, changed scope, and low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely by crafting malicious links that, when clicked by users visiting affected WordPress sites with the plugin enabled, inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser context. Successful exploitation enables attackers to steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of the user, or deface pages, leveraging the reflected nature for phishing or session hijacking scenarios requiring user interaction.

Patchstack documents this vulnerability in their database, highlighting the Reflected XSS in the EELV Newsletter plugin version 4.8.2 and providing details for WordPress administrators to assess exposure.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-26584Shared CWE-79
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CVE-2025-23770Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23619Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23475Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-24708Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-12551Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-23973Shared CWE-79

References