CVE-2025-23540
Published: 23 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-23540 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Malicious Link (T1204.001); ranked at the 40.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly addresses reflected XSS by filtering information outputs to neutralize malicious scripts during web page generation.
Prevents XSS exploitation by validating and sanitizing user inputs before they are reflected in web pages.
Mitigates the specific CVE by identifying, prioritizing, and remediating the XSS flaw in the WP Front-end login and register plugin.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The reflected XSS allows crafting a malicious link that executes scripts in the user's browser upon click (T1204.001), enabling theft of web session cookies for session hijacking (T1539) as described in the CVE impacts.
NVD Description
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Mohsin Khan WP Front-end login and register wp-front-end-login-and-register allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects WP Front-end login and register: from n/a through <= 2.1.0.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-23540 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the WP Front-end login and register plugin developed by Mohsin Khan. This issue affects the plugin from unknown initial versions through version 2.1.0 inclusive.
The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating network accessibility, low attack complexity, no required privileges, and user interaction such as clicking a malicious link. Remote attackers can exploit it by injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by users, potentially leading to low-impact effects on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with a changed scope that may affect resources beyond the vulnerable component, such as session hijacking or phishing within the victim's browser context.
Patchstack's advisory provides details on the Reflected XSS vulnerability in WP Front-end login and register version 2.1.0. Security practitioners should consult https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-front-end-login-and-register/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-front-end-login-and-register-plugin-2-1-0-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve for recommended mitigations and patch information.
Details
- CWE(s)