CVE-2025-23481
Published: 03 March 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-23481 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 29.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-23481 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, enabling Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) as classified under CWE-79. It affects the Ni WooCommerce Sales Report Email WordPress plugin, developed by Anzar Ahmed, in all versions from n/a through 3.1.4. The issue was published on 2025-03-03.
The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating network accessibility, low attack complexity, no required privileges, and user interaction such as clicking a malicious link. Unauthenticated attackers can exploit it by crafting inputs that are reflected unsanitized on web pages, executing arbitrary scripts in the browser of targeted users, typically site administrators. This leads to low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with a changed scope that could extend effects to other users or sessions via the victim's context.
Mitigation guidance is available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/ni-woocommerce-sales-report-email/vulnerability/wordpress-ni-woocommerce-sales-report-email-plugin-3-1-4-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-5731
Vulnerability details
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Anzar Ahmed Ni WooCommerce Sales Report Email ni-woocommerce-sales-report-email allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects Ni WooCommerce Sales Report Email: from n/a through <= 3.1.4.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The CVE describes a reflected XSS vulnerability in a public-facing WordPress plugin, directly enabling exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and arbitrary JavaScript execution in the victim's browser (T1059.007) via crafted malicious links.
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Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly requires identifying, reporting, and correcting the specific reflected XSS flaw in the Ni WooCommerce Sales Report Email plugin versions through 3.1.4.
Mandates filtering of information outputs during web page generation to neutralize reflected malicious inputs and prevent XSS script execution in victims' browsers.
Enforces validation of untrusted network inputs to block malicious XSS payloads before they are improperly reflected in web pages.