CVE-2025-23525

High

Published: 14 February 2025

Published

14 February 2025

Modified

23 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

EPSS Score 0.0011 29.3th percentile

Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23525 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 29.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23525 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the WordPress plugin Kv Compose Email From Dashboard (kv-send-email-from-admin) by kvvaradha. This issue affects all versions from n/a through 1.1 inclusive. Published on 2025-02-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating high severity due to network accessibility, low complexity, no required privileges, user interaction, and scope change with low impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network by crafting malicious input that is reflected without proper neutralization during web page generation in the plugin's email composition functionality from the dashboard. Exploitation requires tricking a user, typically an administrator, into interacting with the payload, such as clicking a malicious link. Successful attacks enable script execution in the victim's browser context, potentially allowing limited theft of sensitive data, modification of page content, or minor disruptions.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/kv-send-email-from-admin/vulnerability/wordpress-kv-compose-email-from-dashboard-plugin-1-1-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve provides details on this Reflected XSS in plugin version 1.1; security practitioners should consult it for recommended mitigations, such as updating to a patched version if available or applying input sanitization workarounds.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-3227

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in kvvaradha Kv Compose Email From Dashboard kv-send-email-from-admin allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects Kv Compose Email From Dashboard: from n/a through <= 1.1.

CWE(s): CWE-79

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution

An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin enables exploitation of the web application via crafted malicious links that execute scripts in the victim's browser after user interaction.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1