Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23676

High

Published: 22 January 2025

Published
22 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0023 46.2th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23676 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 46.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23676, published on 2025-01-22, is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the shawfactor LH Email WordPress plugin (lh-email). This issue affects all versions from n/a through 1.12 inclusive, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L).

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity by tricking users into performing an action such as clicking a malicious link, requiring user interaction. Successful exploitation enables script execution in the victim's browser context, resulting in low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with a changed scope.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/lh-email/vulnerability/wordpress-lh-email-plugin-1-12-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents this Reflected XSS vulnerability in the LH Email WordPress plugin version 1.12.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in shawfactor LH Email lh-email allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects LH Email: from n/a through <= 1.12.

CWE(s)
CWE-79

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) via crafted malicious links requiring user interaction to trigger browser script execution (T1204.001).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-22765Shared CWE-79
CVE-2024-13885Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23645Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-24017Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-24544Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-68037Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23725Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-22357Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-24955Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23834Shared CWE-79

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-15 Information Output Filtering good match
prevent

SI-15 mandates filtering and encoding of information prior to web page display to directly prevent reflected XSS attacks like CVE-2025-23676.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

SI-10 requires validation of input content and format to block malicious payloads that enable improper neutralization leading to this XSS vulnerability.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

SI-2 ensures timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws such as the reflected XSS in LH Email plugin versions up to 1.12.

References