CVE-2025-25224

High

Published: 18 February 2025

Published

18 February 2025

Modified

15 September 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0004 11.3th percentile

Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-25224 is a high-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Luxsoft Luxcal Web Calendar. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 11.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

AC-14 Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication good match

prevent

Directly addresses the missing authentication in dloader.php by requiring identification and authorization for actions like arbitrary file retrieval.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Timely flaw remediation through patching to LuxCal 5.3.3M/L eliminates the unauthenticated arbitrary file access vulnerability.

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations including authentication for logical access to server files via the dloader.php endpoint.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1005 Data from Local System Collection

Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Missing authentication in public-facing dloader.php enables remote exploitation of the web app (T1190) for direct retrieval of arbitrary local filesystem files (T1005).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

The LuxCal Web Calendar prior to 5.3.3M (MySQL version) and prior to 5.3.3L (SQLite version) contains a missing authentication vulnerability in dloader.php. If this vulnerability is exploited, arbitrary files on a server may be obtained.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-25224 is a missing authentication vulnerability (CWE-306) affecting the dloader.php component in LuxCal Web Calendar prior to version 5.3.3M for MySQL deployments and prior to 5.3.3L for SQLite deployments. Published on 2025-02-18, this flaw enables exploitation to obtain arbitrary files from the server. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), indicating high severity due to significant confidentiality impact.

Unauthenticated attackers with network access can exploit this vulnerability remotely with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. By interacting with the dloader.php endpoint, they can retrieve arbitrary files from the server filesystem, potentially exposing sensitive data such as configuration files, user credentials, or other server contents without needing privileges.

Advisories including JVN#26024080 (https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN26024080/) provide details on the issue, while the vendor's download page (https://www.luxsoft.eu/?download) offers patched versions 5.3.3M and 5.3.3L. A related forum discussion (https://www.luxsoft.eu/lcforum/viewtopic.php?pid=1984#p1984) further addresses the vulnerability, with mitigation centered on upgrading to the fixed releases.