Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-43428

Critical

Published: 17 December 2025

Published
17 December 2025
Modified
02 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0009 24.8th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-43428 is a critical-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Apple Ipados. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 24.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly prohibits unauthorized viewing of sensitive Hidden Photos Album content without identification and authentication.

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations to prevent network-accessible unauthorized access to protected photos in the Hidden Album.

prevent

Mandates secure configuration settings with authentication restrictions for sensitive features like the Hidden Photos Album.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
Why these techniques?

CVE enables remote unauthenticated access to sensitive local photos via a configuration issue in network-accessible OS components, directly facilitating T1190 (exploit public-facing application) and T1005 (data from local system).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

A configuration issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.2 and iPadOS 26.2, macOS Tahoe 26.2, visionOS 26.2. Photos in the Hidden Photos Album may be viewed without authentication.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-43428 is a configuration issue (CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function) in Apple's Hidden Photos Album feature, allowing photos stored there to be viewed without authentication. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.2, macOS Tahoe prior to 26.2, and visionOS prior to 26.2. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low attack complexity, and lack of requirements for privileges or user interaction.

Remote attackers require no privileges or user interaction to exploit this vulnerability over the network. Successful exploitation enables unauthorized viewing of sensitive photos in the Hidden Photos Album, potentially compromising high levels of confidentiality, integrity, and availability as scored by CVSS.

Apple's security advisories detail that the issue was addressed by adding additional restrictions, with fixes available in iOS 26.2, iPadOS 26.2, macOS Tahoe 26.2, and visionOS 26.2. Relevant updates are documented at https://support.apple.com/en-us/125884, https://support.apple.com/en-us/125886, and https://support.apple.com/en-us/125891.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

apple
ipados
≤ 26.2
apple
iphone os
≤ 26.2
apple
macos
≤ 26.2
apple
visionos
≤ 26.2

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References