CVE-2025-25427
Published: 18 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-25427 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Tp-Link Wr841N. Its CVSS base score is 8.6 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 15.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
A stored cross-site scripting vulnerability exists in the upnp.htm page of the web management interface on TP-Link WR841N routers running firmware versions v14, v14.6, and v14.8 up to build 241230 Rel. 50788n. The flaw, tracked as CWE-79, permits arbitrary JavaScript injection through the port mapping description field and causes the payload to execute whenever an authenticated user loads the UPnP configuration page. The issue carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.6.
An attacker with adjacent-network access can supply a malicious description when creating or editing a port mapping entry. When a legitimate administrator subsequently views the UPnP page, the injected script runs in the administrator’s browser context, enabling theft of session cookies, configuration changes, or other actions within the router’s web interface.
TP-Link has published updated firmware images and a security FAQ on its support site that address the affected hardware revisions. Administrators should verify the latest available builds for the WR841N and apply them according to the vendor’s instructions; the referenced GitHub repository contains additional technical details and proof-of-concept material for validation after patching. The associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0224.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-11808
Vulnerability details
A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the upnp.htm page of the web Interface in TP-Link WR841N v14/v14.6/v14.8 <= Build 241230 Rel. 50788n allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code via the port mapping description. This leads to an…
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execution of the JavaScript payload when the upnp page is loaded.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Stored XSS via UPnP port mapping description enables unauthenticated arbitrary JS execution in authenticated admin browser context on router web interface, facilitating public-facing app exploitation (T1190), web session cookie theft (T1539), network device config dump (T1602.002), and content injection (T1659).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Penetration testing submits XSS payloads to web applications, detecting cross-site scripting flaws for subsequent remediation.
Validates web inputs to reject script-related content that could produce XSS.
Output validation against expected content can reject or sanitize script content in generated web pages, reducing XSS exploitability.