Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-30281

Critical

Published: 08 April 2025

Published
08 April 2025
Modified
15 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0738 91.9th percentile
Risk Priority 23 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-30281 is a critical-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Adobe Coldfusion. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 8.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

ColdFusion versions 2023.12, 2021.18, 2025.0 and earlier contain an Improper Access Control vulnerability that permits arbitrary code execution. The flaw is tracked as CVE-2025-30281 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.1, reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, high privileges required, no user interaction, and changed scope that can yield full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

A high-privileged attacker can exploit the issue remotely to access or modify sensitive data and execute arbitrary code without any user interaction. Because the vulnerability resides in access-control enforcement, an authenticated administrator-level account is sufficient to trigger the flaw and obtain unauthorized capabilities on the affected ColdFusion instance.

Adobe’s advisory APSB25-15 addresses the issue and directs customers to apply the updates released for the supported ColdFusion branches. The advisory lists the fixed builds and recommends immediate installation to restore proper authorization checks.

The EPSS score remains low, moving only from 0.0738 to a peak of 0.0795, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

ColdFusion versions 2023.12, 2021.18, 2025.0 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution. A high-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access or modify sensitive data without proper authorization. Exploitation of…

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this issue does not require user interaction, and scope is changed.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

adobe
coldfusion
2021, 2023, 2025

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-284

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

addresses: CWE-284

Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.

addresses: CWE-284

Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.

addresses: CWE-284

Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.

addresses: CWE-284

By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-284

Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.

addresses: CWE-284

Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.

addresses: CWE-284

Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.

References