CVE-2025-48396

High

Published: 03 November 2025

Published

03 November 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 8.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0007 20.5th percentile

Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-48396 is a high-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Eaton BLSS (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.3 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 20.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Directly addresses improper validation of file uploads by requiring organization-defined input validation mechanisms at system interfaces to prevent unrestricted upload of dangerous file types.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Mitigates the vulnerability by mandating timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws, including application of the vendor patch in Eaton BLSS version 7.3.0.SCP004.

SI-3 Malicious Code Protection partial match

preventdetect

Provides defense-in-depth by scanning uploaded files for malicious code at network entry points or endpoints to prevent arbitrary code execution even if validation fails.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Arbitrary code execution via unrestricted file upload in a network-accessible application (AV:N/PR:L) directly enables exploitation of public-facing applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Arbitrary code execution is possible due to improper validation of the file upload functionality in Eaton BLSS. This security issue has been fixed in the latest script patch latest version of of Eaton BLSS (7.3.0.SCP004).

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-48396 is an arbitrary code execution vulnerability stemming from improper validation of the file upload functionality in Eaton BLSS. This affects Eaton BLSS versions prior to the patched release 7.3.0.SCP004. The issue, published on 2025-11-03, is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type).

An attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and without requiring user interaction. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution on the affected system, resulting in high integrity and availability impacts alongside low confidentiality impact.

Eaton's security bulletin (ETN-VA-2025-1021) confirms the issue has been addressed in Eaton BLSS version 7.3.0.SCP004, recommending that users apply the latest script patch to mitigate the vulnerability.