CVE-2025-49758
Published: 12 August 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-49758 is a high-severity Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269) vulnerability in Microsoft Sql Server 2016. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 36.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly requires validation of information inputs to neutralize special elements in SQL commands, preventing SQL injection exploitation.
Mandates timely remediation of identified flaws, such as applying Microsoft's patch for this SQL Server SQL injection vulnerability.
Enforces least privilege to restrict the damage from privilege escalation even if SQL injection partially succeeds.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
SQL injection leading to authenticated remote privilege escalation directly matches Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068).
NVD Description
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-49758 is an SQL injection vulnerability in Microsoft SQL Server stemming from improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command. This flaw, associated with CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management), enables privilege escalation and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). It was published on 2025-08-12.
An authorized attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit the vulnerability remotely over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to elevate privileges, achieving high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Microsoft has published an update guide for this vulnerability at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49758, which provides details on affected versions, patches, and mitigation recommendations.
Details
- CWE(s)