CVE-2025-49759
Published: 12 August 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-49759 is a high-severity SQL Injection (CWE-89) vulnerability in Microsoft Sql Server 2016. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 13.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-49759 is an SQL injection vulnerability, tracked as CWE-89, that affects SQL Server. The flaw stems from improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8, reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and low privileges required.
An authorized attacker with network access can exploit the issue to elevate privileges, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected SQL Server instance.
The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory published for this CVE provides official guidance on mitigation and is available at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49759. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0280 with no material increase since disclosure.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-24359
Vulnerability details
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
SQL injection in SQL Server directly enables exploitation for privilege escalation from low-priv authenticated access.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly addresses SQL injection by requiring validation of information inputs used in SQL commands to neutralize special elements.
Ensures timely identification, reporting, and patching of the specific SQL injection flaw in SQL Server to remediate the vulnerability.
Enforces least privilege to limit the scope and impact of privilege escalation even if SQL injection is exploited from low-privilege accounts.