CVE-2025-49759
Published: 12 August 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-49759 is a high-severity SQL Injection (CWE-89) vulnerability in Microsoft Sql Server 2016. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 25.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly addresses SQL injection by requiring validation of information inputs used in SQL commands to neutralize special elements.
Ensures timely identification, reporting, and patching of the specific SQL injection flaw in SQL Server to remediate the vulnerability.
Enforces least privilege to limit the scope and impact of privilege escalation even if SQL injection is exploited from low-privilege accounts.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
SQL injection in SQL Server directly enables exploitation for privilege escalation from low-priv authenticated access.
NVD Description
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-49759 is an SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) in Microsoft SQL Server, caused by improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command. Published on 2025-08-12, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its network accessibility, low attack complexity, and significant impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
An authorized attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network (AV:N) without requiring user interaction (UI:N). Exploitation enables privilege escalation, allowing the attacker to gain elevated access within the SQL Server environment.
Microsoft's Security Response Center (MSRC) provides an update guide detailing mitigation and patching information at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49759.
Details
- CWE(s)