Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-4978

CriticalPublic PoC

Published: 20 May 2025

Published
20 May 2025
Modified
12 June 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0146 81.3th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-4978 is a critical-severity Improper Authentication (CWE-287) vulnerability in Netgear Dgnd3700 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 18.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis

A vulnerability classified as very critical affects the Netgear DGND3700 router running firmware version 1.1.00.15_1.00.15NA. It resides in an unspecified portion of the /BRS_top.html file within the Basic Authentication component and stems from improper authentication handling (CWE-287). The issue permits remote attackers to interact with the endpoint without valid credentials.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the flaw to bypass authentication controls entirely. Successful exploitation grants full control over the affected device, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed with an accompanying proof-of-concept, and the vendor was notified prior to publication.

The associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0146 with no material increase since disclosure. Reference materials point to a detailed technical write-up on GitHub and entries in Vuldb, while the vendor site offers no additional mitigation guidance in the supplied references.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability, which was classified as very critical, was found in Netgear DGND3700 1.1.00.15_1.00.15NA. This affects an unknown part of the file /BRS_top.html of the component Basic Authentication. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the…

more

attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other products might be affected as well. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The backdoor authentication bypass in the Netgear DGND3700 router's web interface (/BRS_top.html) enables remote exploitation without credentials to gain full management access, facilitating T1190: Exploit Public-Facing Application.

Affected Assets

netgear
dgnd3700 firmware
1.1.00.15_1.00.15na

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-287

Detects unauthorized successful logons resulting from improper authentication implementations.

addresses: CWE-287

Documented procedures ensure personnel are trained on authentication mechanisms, tangibly lowering the risk of improper authentication being exploited.

addresses: CWE-287

Security awareness training instructs users on secure authentication practices and avoiding credential compromise.

addresses: CWE-287

Training on authentication mechanisms and best practices decreases the occurrence of improper authentication.

addresses: CWE-287

Non-repudiation requires strong authentication mechanisms to irrefutably attribute performed actions to specific individuals or processes.

addresses: CWE-287

Session content review can reveal authentication bypasses or failures in session establishment.

addresses: CWE-287

Review of authentication-related audit records can detect improper authentication mechanisms or bypasses.

addresses: CWE-287

Assessments check authentication mechanisms for correct implementation and effectiveness, reducing successful authentication bypass attempts.

References