Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-5131

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 24 May 2025

Published
24 May 2025
Modified
03 June 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 5.1 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0047 65.2th percentile
Risk Priority 10 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-5131 is a medium-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Project Team Tmall Demo. Its CVSS base score is 5.1 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Web Shell (T1505.003); ranked in the top 34.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability was found in Tmall Demo up to 20250505. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function uploadCategoryImage of the file tmall/admin/uploadCategoryImage. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be…

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initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer Command And Control
Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1608.001 Upload Malware Resource Development
Adversaries may upload malware to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.
T1608.002 Upload Tool Resource Development
Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.
Why these techniques?

Unrestricted arbitrary file upload in a public-facing web application enables exploitation (T1190), uploading webshells for persistence/execution (T1100), ingress of tools/malware (T1105, T1608.001, T1608.002), as evidenced by PoCs uploading JSP webshells for RCE.

Affected Assets

project team
tmall demo
≤ 2025-05-05

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-434

This control enforces ownership-based restrictions on portable storage device use, directly implementing access control over media insertion into organizational systems.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-434

Hardware write-protect enforces access control on critical resources (e.g., firmware) independent of software state.

addresses: CWE-284

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

addresses: CWE-284

Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.

addresses: CWE-284

Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.

addresses: CWE-284

Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.

addresses: CWE-284

By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-284

Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.

References