Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-8526

LowPublic PoC

Published: 04 August 2025

Published
04 August 2025
Modified
29 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 2.1 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0031 54.5th percentile
Risk Priority 4 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-8526 is a low-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Exrick Xboot. Its CVSS base score is 2.1 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Upload Tool (T1608.002); ranked in the top 45.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-8526 is a critical vulnerability in Exrick xboot versions up to 3.3.4, affecting the Upload function in the file xboot-fast/src/main/java/cn/exrick/xboot/modules/base/controller/common/UploadController.java. The issue enables unrestricted file upload through manipulation of the File argument and has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L). It is associated with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type). The vulnerability was published on 2025-08-04.

A remote attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the File argument in the Upload function. Successful exploitation allows unrestricted file upload, potentially leading to low-level impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Advisories and details are documented in GitHub issues at https://github.com/Exrick/xboot/issues/71 and https://github.com/Exrick/xboot/issues/71#issue-3252446955, as well as VulDB entries at https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.318652, https://vuldb.com/?id.318652, and https://vuldb.com/?submit.622173. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability was found in Exrick xboot up to 3.3.4. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function Upload of the file xboot-fast/src/main/java/cn/exrick/xboot/modules/base/controller/common/UploadController.java. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be…

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initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1608.002 Upload Tool Resource Development
Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.
Why these techniques?

Unrestricted file upload vulnerability (CWE-434) in Exrick xboot's UploadController allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files, including tools, directly mapping to T1608.002: Upload Tool as declared in the VulDB advisory.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-2216Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2023-36331Same vendor: Exrick
CVE-2025-7181Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-7877Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-7878Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-7879Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-2035Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-0346Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-7939Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-0335Shared CWE-284, CWE-434

Affected Assets

exrick
xboot
≤ 3.3.4

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Enforces validation of uploaded file content and type before acceptance, directly blocking the unrestricted File argument manipulation in UploadController.java.

prevent

Enforces access control policy on the upload operation so that only permitted file types and users can succeed, addressing the CWE-284 improper access control root cause.

prevent

Restricts the web application to least functionality by disabling or constraining the Upload function unless explicitly required, reducing the attack surface exposed in xboot <= 3.3.4.

References