CVE-2025-7412
Published: 10 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-7412 is a low-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Code-Projects Library System. Its CVSS base score is 2.1 (Low).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 48.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-7412 is a vulnerability in code-projects Library System 1.0, rated as critical despite a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L). It affects unknown functionality in the file /user/student/profile.php, where manipulation of the "image" argument enables unrestricted file upload. The issue, published on 2025-07-10, is linked to CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type).
The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by attackers with low privileges, such as an authenticated user, over the network with low attack complexity and no requirement for user interaction. Exploitation allows limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling upload of malicious files through the profile endpoint.
Advisories referenced in VulDB entries (ctiid.315872, id.315872, submit.608532), a GitHub issue at rom4j/cve/issues/17, and the project site at code-projects.org detail the issue, with the exploit disclosed publicly and available for use. No specific patches or mitigations are described in the provided information.
The exploit's public disclosure increases the risk of active exploitation in unpatched Library System 1.0 deployments.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-21071
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Library System 1.0. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /user/student/profile.php. The manipulation of the argument image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may…
more
be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Unrestricted file upload in a remotely accessible web app directly enables initial access via public-facing exploitation and web shell deployment.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Enforces access restrictions on the /user/student/profile.php image upload endpoint to block unauthorized or dangerous file types per the CWE-284 weakness.
Requires validation of the image argument content, extension, and MIME type to stop unrestricted uploads of dangerous files (CWE-434).
Scans uploaded files for malicious code before they are stored or executed through the profile endpoint.