CVE-2025-7412
Published: 10 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-7412 is a medium-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Code-Projects Library System. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 48.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Likely Mitigating ControlsAI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
This control enforces ownership-based restrictions on portable storage device use, directly implementing access control over media insertion into organizational systems.
Hardware write-protect enforces access control on critical resources (e.g., firmware) independent of software state.
The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.
Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.
Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.
Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.
By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.
Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Unrestricted file upload in a remotely accessible web app directly enables initial access via public-facing exploitation and web shell deployment.
NVD Description
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Library System 1.0. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /user/student/profile.php. The manipulation of the argument image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may…
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be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-7412 is a vulnerability in code-projects Library System 1.0, rated as critical despite a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L). It affects unknown functionality in the file /user/student/profile.php, where manipulation of the "image" argument enables unrestricted file upload. The issue, published on 2025-07-10, is linked to CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type).
The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by attackers with low privileges, such as an authenticated user, over the network with low attack complexity and no requirement for user interaction. Exploitation allows limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling upload of malicious files through the profile endpoint.
Advisories referenced in VulDB entries (ctiid.315872, id.315872, submit.608532), a GitHub issue at rom4j/cve/issues/17, and the project site at code-projects.org detail the issue, with the exploit disclosed publicly and available for use. No specific patches or mitigations are described in the provided information.
The exploit's public disclosure increases the risk of active exploitation in unpatched Library System 1.0 deployments.
Details
- CWE(s)