Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-1423

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 26 January 2026

Published
26 January 2026
Modified
28 January 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0002 4.7th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-1423 is a medium-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Fabian Online Examination System. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 4.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-434

This control enforces ownership-based restrictions on portable storage device use, directly implementing access control over media insertion into organizational systems.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-434

Hardware write-protect enforces access control on critical resources (e.g., firmware) independent of software state.

addresses: CWE-284

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

addresses: CWE-284

Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.

addresses: CWE-284

Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.

addresses: CWE-284

Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.

addresses: CWE-284

By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-284

Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
Why these techniques?

Unrestricted file upload in a public-facing web app directly enables initial access via exploitation (T1190) and deployment of a web shell for persistence/RCE (T1505.003).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Online Examination System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /admin_pic.php. Executing a manipulation can lead to unrestricted upload. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has…

more

been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-1423 is a vulnerability in code-projects Online Examination System 1.0, affecting an unknown functionality within the /admin_pic.php file. The issue enables unrestricted file upload, classified under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type). It was published on 2026-01-26 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

A remote attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability without user interaction to perform file uploads, potentially leading to remote code execution via unsafe file handling. Public disclosures, including a GitHub repository detailing the finding, confirm the exploit is available and may be utilized by threat actors targeting deployments of this system.

Advisories from VulDB (ctiid.342839, id.342839) and related submissions document the issue, along with references to the vendor site at code-projects.org. No patches or specific mitigations are detailed in the provided references.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

fabian
online examination system
1.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-1422Same product: Fabian Online Examination System
CVE-2026-2173Same product: Fabian Online Examination System
CVE-2026-2213Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2025-7190Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2025-0335Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2025-69565Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2025-7210Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2024-57668Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2025-70151Same vendor: Fabian
CVE-2026-0577Same vendor: Fabian

References