Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-52552

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 21 June 2025

Published
21 June 2025
Modified
29 December 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v4 5.5 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0021 43.4th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-52552 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Fastgpt Fastgpt. Its CVSS base score is 5.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Web Portal Capture (T1056.003); ranked at the 43.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the Other ATLAS/OWASP Terms risk domain.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

FastGPT is an AI Agent building platform. Prior to version 4.9.12, the LastRoute Parameter on login page is vulnerable to open redirect and DOM-based XSS. Improper validation and lack of sanitization of this parameter allows attackers execute malicious JavaScript or…

more

redirect them to attacker-controlled sites. This issue has been patched in version 4.9.12.

CWE(s)
CWE-79CWE-601

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
Other ATLAS/OWASP Terms
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: ai

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1056.003 Web Portal Capture Collection
Adversaries may install code on externally facing portals, such as a VPN login page, to capture and transmit credentials of users who attempt to log into the service.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1566.002 Spearphishing Link Initial Access
Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

DOM-based XSS on login page enables JS execution to capture login credentials (T1056.003) and steal session cookies (T1539). Open redirect facilitates phishing via crafted links to malicious sites (T1566.002). Vulnerability is in public-facing web app (T1190).

Affected Assets

fastgpt
fastgpt
≤ 4.9.12

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-79 CWE-601

Validates web inputs to reject script-related content that could produce XSS.

AT-2 Literacy Training and Awareness
addresses: CWE-601

Security awareness includes verifying URLs and avoiding untrusted redirects that lead to malicious sites.

CA-8 Penetration Testing
addresses: CWE-79

Penetration testing submits XSS payloads to web applications, detecting cross-site scripting flaws for subsequent remediation.

SI-15 Information Output Filtering
addresses: CWE-79

Output validation against expected content can reject or sanitize script content in generated web pages, reducing XSS exploitability.

References