Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-53378

High

Published: 10 July 2025

Published
10 July 2025
Modified
03 October 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0022 44.6th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53378 is a high-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Trendmicro Worry-Free Business Security Services. Its CVSS base score is 7.6 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Malicious Link (T1204.001); ranked at the 44.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and IA-9 (Service Identification and Authentication).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Malicious Link (T1204.001) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Timely flaw remediation directly addresses the missing authentication vulnerability by applying the vendor's monthly maintenance update to patch the affected WFBSS SaaS agent.

prevent

Requires identification and authentication mechanisms for system services such as the WFBSS agent, preventing unauthenticated remote control exploitation.

prevent

Defines and restricts permitted actions without identification or authentication, mitigating unauthorized remote takeover capabilities in the vulnerable agent.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
T1204.002 Malicious File Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.
Why these techniques?

Missing auth on agent enables remote takeover when user executes malicious link/file (UI:R trigger).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A missing authentication vulnerability in Trend Micro Worry-Free Business Security Services (WFBSS) agent could have allowed an unauthenticated attacker to remotely take control of the agent on affected installations. Also note: this vulnerability only affected the SaaS client version of…

more

WFBSS only, meaning the on-premise version of Worry-Free Business Security was not affected, and this issue was addressed in a WFBSS monthly maintenance update. Therefore no other customer action is required to mitigate if the WFBSS agents are on the regular SaaS maintenance deployment schedule and this disclosure is for informational purposes only.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-53378 is a missing authentication vulnerability (CWE-306) in the agent component of Trend Micro Worry-Free Business Security Services (WFBSS). It affects only the SaaS client version of WFBSS; the on-premise version of Worry-Free Business Security is not impacted. The vulnerability enables an unauthenticated attacker to remotely take control of the agent on vulnerable installations, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into performing an action that requires user interaction, such as clicking a malicious link or opening a crafted file. Successful exploitation grants remote control over the affected WFBSS agent, resulting in low confidentiality and integrity impacts alongside high availability disruption, but without scope changes.

According to the Trend Micro advisory (https://success.trendmicro.com/en-US/solution/KA-0019936), the issue was addressed in a WFBSS monthly maintenance update. Customers on the regular SaaS maintenance deployment schedule require no additional action, and the disclosure serves informational purposes only.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

trendmicro
worry-free business security services
6.7.0.0 — 6.7.3954 · 14.0.0 — 14.3.1299

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References