Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-53438

High

Published: 18 December 2025

Published
18 December 2025
Modified
20 January 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 32.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53438 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability in Axiomthemes Fitline. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-53438 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, classified as PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98), in the axiomthemes FitLine WordPress theme. It enables PHP Local File Inclusion and affects all versions of FitLine from n/a through 1.6. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network, though it requires high attack complexity and no user interaction. Exploitation allows attackers to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially leading to unauthorized file access or execution via local file inclusion.

Patchstack documents this issue in their database entry for the WordPress FitLine theme, detailing the Local File Inclusion vulnerability in version 1.6.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes FitLine fitline allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects FitLine: from n/a through <= 1.6.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is a remote file inclusion flaw in a public-facing WordPress theme, directly enabling exploitation of public-facing applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-58935Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60061Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60063Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58889Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53449Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58950Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53446Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60064Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53445Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58928Same vendor: Axiomthemes

Affected Assets

axiomthemes
fitline
≤ 1.6

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the PHP Local File Inclusion flaw in the FitLine WordPress theme by requiring identification, reporting, and correction of the improper filename control in include/require statements.

prevent

Requires validation and error handling of user-supplied inputs used as filenames in PHP include/require statements, preventing unauthorized local file access and execution.

preventdetect

Boundary protection via web application firewalls monitors and blocks network traffic containing LFI payloads exploiting the improper filename control vulnerability.

References