CVE-2025-5785
Published: 06 June 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-5785 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink X15 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-5785 is a buffer overflow vulnerability affecting the TOTOLINK X15 router running firmware version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It resides in the HTTP POST Request Handler component, specifically within the /boafrm/formWirelessTbl file, where improper handling of the submit-url argument can trigger memory corruption. The flaw is tracked under CWE-119 and CWE-120 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4 reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
An authenticated remote attacker can send a crafted HTTP POST request that manipulates the submit-url parameter to overflow a buffer. Successful exploitation grants the attacker the ability to execute arbitrary code or crash the affected device, potentially leading to full device compromise.
Public exploit code has been disclosed via GitHub, and the vulnerability is listed in multiple tracking databases, though no vendor advisory or patch details are provided in the available references. The associated EPSS score remains low at approximately 0.0167 with negligible change from its recorded peak, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-17325
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formWirelessTbl of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. The…
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attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Remote buffer overflow in public-facing router web interface (/boafrm/formWirelessTbl) via HTTP POST enables exploitation for initial access (T1190, T1210) and application/system DoS (T1499.004).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.