CVE-2025-5788
Published: 06 June 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-5788 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink X15 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-5788 is a buffer overflow vulnerability in the TOTOLINK X15 router running firmware version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It resides in an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formReflashClientTbl within the HTTP POST Request Handler component, where improper handling of the submit-url argument can trigger the flaw. The issue is tracked under CWE-119 and CWE-120 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4.
Remote attackers with low privileges can exploit the vulnerability over the network without user interaction by sending a crafted HTTP POST request, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected device. Publicly disclosed exploit code increases the feasibility of such attacks against exposed devices.
The listed references include a GitHub disclosure, multiple VulDB entries, and the vendor site, but provide no specific details on patches, firmware updates, or other mitigations. The associated EPSS score remains low and essentially flat at approximately 0.0167–0.0168, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-17328
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formReflashClientTbl of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads…
more
to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in public-facing router web interface (/boafrm/formReflashClientTbl) via remote HTTP POST enables exploitation of public-facing application (T1190) and application-level denial of service (T1499.004).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.