Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-8245

HighPublic PoC

Published: 27 July 2025

Published
27 July 2025
Modified
29 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 7.4 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0143 81.1th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-8245 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink X15 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 18.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Deeper analysis

A vulnerability has been identified in the TOTOLINK X15 router firmware version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It resides in an unknown function of the /boafrm/formMultiAPVLAN file within the HTTP POST Request Handler component. The issue stems from improper handling of the submit-url argument, resulting in a buffer overflow condition tracked under CWE-119 and CWE-120. The flaw carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4 and is remotely triggerable.

Remote attackers with low privileges can exploit the weakness over the network without user interaction to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Public exploit code has already been released, enabling potential remote code execution or denial-of-service outcomes on affected devices.

The EPSS score remains low at 0.0143 with a negligible peak of 0.0144, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date. No vendor advisory or patch information is available from the listed references.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formMultiAPVLAN of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads…

more

to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Buffer overflow in public-facing web interface (/boafrm/formMultiAPVLAN) via remote HTTP POST enables exploitation of public-facing application (T1190) and application/system exploitation for denial of service (T1499.004).

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-8246Same product: Totolink X15
CVE-2025-8242Same product: Totolink X15
CVE-2025-8244Same product: Totolink X15
CVE-2025-8243Same product: Totolink X15
CVE-2025-8138Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-11444Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-8136Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-8137Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-8139Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-8140Same vendor: Totolink

Affected Assets

totolink
x15 firmware
1.0.0-b20230714.1105

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of information inputs like the 'submit-url' argument to prevent buffer overflows from malformed HTTP POST requests.

prevent

SI-16 implements memory protections such as stack canaries or DEP to mitigate exploitation of buffer overflows in the HTTP handler.

prevent

SI-2 mandates timely remediation of identified flaws like this buffer overflow through firmware patching.

References