CVE-2025-5790
Published: 06 June 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-5790 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink X15 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
A critical buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the TOTOLINK X15 router firmware version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. The flaw resides in unknown code within the /boafrm/formIpQoS file of the HTTP POST Request Handler component, where improper handling of the mac argument during request processing triggers the overflow. The issue is tracked under CWE-119 and CWE-120 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4.
Remote attackers with valid low-privileged credentials can send a crafted HTTP POST request to the affected endpoint, enabling them to execute arbitrary code or crash the device with impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Public exploit code has already been disclosed.
The EPSS score remains low at approximately 0.0167 with negligible change from its recorded peak. No vendor advisory or patch information is provided in the available references.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-17347
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formIpQoS of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument mac leads to buffer overflow. The attack can…
more
be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in router's public-facing HTTP POST handler (/boafrm/formIpQoS) enables remote exploitation of public-facing application (T1190) and application exploitation for endpoint denial of service (T1499.004).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.