Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-58931

High

Published: 18 December 2025

Published
18 December 2025
Modified
27 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 32.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-58931 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability in Axiomthemes Palatio. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-58931 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, also known as PHP Remote File Inclusion, that enables PHP Local File Inclusion in the axiomthemes Palatio WordPress theme. This issue affects Palatio versions from n/a through 1.6.

The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating exploitation over the network by unauthenticated attackers with no user interaction required, though it demands high attack complexity. Successful exploitation allows attackers to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, typically through local file inclusion to access or manipulate sensitive server files.

Mitigation details are available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/palatio/vulnerability/wordpress-palatio-theme-1-6-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Palatio palatio allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Palatio: from n/a through <= 1.6.

CWE(s)
CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is a PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI) in a public-facing WordPress theme, directly enabling exploitation of a public-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-58935Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60061Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60063Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58889Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53449Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58950Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53446Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60064Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53445Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58928Same vendor: Axiomthemes

Affected Assets

axiomthemes
palatio
≤ 1.6

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly mitigates the improper filename control in PHP include/require by validating inputs to block malicious local file paths.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions good match
prevent

Enforces restrictions on filename inputs for PHP include/require statements, such as whitelisting allowed paths to prevent local file inclusion.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Remediates the specific LFI flaw in Palatio WordPress theme versions through n/a to <=1.6 by applying patches from advisories like Patchstack.

References