Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59434

Critical

Published: 22 September 2025

Published
22 September 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0008 23.9th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59434 is a critical-severity Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor (CWE-200) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.6 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Steal Application Access Token (T1528); ranked at the 23.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the Privacy and Disclosure risk domain.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to August 2025 Cloud-Hosted Flowise, an authenticated vulnerability in Flowise Cloud allows any user on the free tier to access sensitive environment variables…

more

from other tenants via the Custom JavaScript Function node. This includes secrets such as OpenAI API keys, AWS credentials, Supabase tokens, and Google Cloud secrets — resulting in a full cross-tenant data exposure. This issue has been patched in the August 2025 Cloud-Hosted Flowise.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
Privacy and Disclosure
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: flowise, large language model, openai

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1528 Steal Application Access Token Credential Access
Adversaries can steal application access tokens as a means of acquiring credentials to access remote systems and resources.
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability enables free tier users to access other tenants' environment variables containing unsecured cloud credentials (e.g., API keys, AWS credentials), facilitating discovery and theft via T1552 (Unsecured Credentials) and specifically T1528 (Steal Application Access Token).

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-200 CWE-284

Automated marking applies security attributes to system outputs, making it harder for attackers to exploit unmarked sensitive information leading to unauthorized exposure.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-200

Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-200

Enforces rules governing access to the system and its data from external systems based on established trust relationships.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-200

This control requires verifying that a sharing partner's access authorizations match the information's restrictions before sharing occurs.

addresses: CWE-200 CWE-284

Review and removal of nonpublic information from publicly accessible systems directly prevents exposure of sensitive data to unauthorized actors.

addresses: CWE-200 CWE-284

Data mining protection mechanisms detect and block unauthorized bulk extraction of sensitive data, directly mitigating exposure to unauthorized actors.

addresses: CWE-200 CWE-284

Literacy training teaches users to recognize and avoid actions that result in unauthorized exposure of sensitive information.

addresses: CWE-200 CWE-284

Retaining and monitoring training records confirms personnel have completed privacy and security awareness training on handling sensitive data, reducing the chance of unauthorized exposure due to lack of knowledge.

References