CVE-2025-61489

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 07 January 2026

Published

07 January 2026

Modified

29 January 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 6.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0997 93.1th percentile

Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-61489 is a medium-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Sonirico Mcp-Shell. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 6.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as AI Agent Protocols and Integrations; in the Protocol-Specific Risks risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Directly prevents command injection by validating and sanitizing crafted command strings supplied to the shell_exec function.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Addresses the specific flaw in sonirico mcp-shell v0.3.1 by timely remediation through vendor patches or updates from the GitHub repository.

AC-6 Least Privilege partial match

prevent

Limits the scope and impact of arbitrary commands executed via injection by enforcing least privilege on processes handling shell_exec.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution

Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Command injection in publicly accessible shell_exec directly enables remote exploitation of a public-facing app (T1190) and arbitrary Unix shell command execution (T1059.004).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A command injection vulnerability in the shell_exec function of sonirico mcp-shell v0.3.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via supplying a crafted command string.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-61489 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-77) affecting the shell_exec function in sonirico mcp-shell version 0.3.1. Published on 2026-01-07, it allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands by supplying a crafted command string. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N), indicating network accessibility with low attack complexity.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network without requiring user interaction or privileges. Exploitation involves crafting a malicious command string that triggers arbitrary command execution via shell_exec, potentially leading to limited impacts on confidentiality and integrity, such as unauthorized access to certain data or modifications, while availability remains unaffected.

Mitigation details and patches are referenced in the project's GitHub repository at https://github.com/sonirico/mcp-shell and the associated issue tracker at https://github.com/sonirico/mcp-shell/issues/4. Security practitioners should review these sources for updates, workarounds, or remediation steps specific to the affected version.