Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-69039

High

Published: 22 January 2026

Published
22 January 2026
Modified
27 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0051 39.6th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-69039 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 39.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-69039 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, classified as PHP Remote File Inclusion but enabling PHP Local File Inclusion, in the Bailly WordPress theme developed by goalthemes. This issue affects Bailly versions from n/a through 1.3.4 and is associated with CWE-98. The vulnerability was published on 2026-01-22 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network, requiring no privileges or user interaction but involving high attack complexity. Successful exploitation allows attackers to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling local file inclusion that could lead to sensitive data exposure or further compromise depending on the included files.

The Patchstack advisory provides details on this WordPress Bailly theme vulnerability, including mitigation guidance, accessible at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/bailly/vulnerability/wordpress-bailly-theme-1-3-4-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Bailly bailly allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Bailly: from n/a through <= 1.3.4.

CWE(s)
CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Direct exploitation of public-facing WordPress theme via LFI/RFI vulnerability for initial access and potential further compromise.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-58923Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-69057Shared CWE-98
CVE-2024-54263Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28035Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28024Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-67525Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-22707Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-69375Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-22443Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-53198Shared CWE-98

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Directly mitigates the PHP Local File Inclusion vulnerability by identifying, reporting, and patching the flaw in the Bailly WordPress theme.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Requires validation of untrusted filename inputs used in PHP include/require statements to block path traversal and arbitrary local file inclusion.

CM-6 Configuration Settings partial match
prevent

Enforces secure PHP configuration settings like open_basedir and disabled allow_url_include to restrict filesystem access even if flawed includes occur.

References