CVE-2026-22589
Published: 10 January 2026
Summary
CVE-2026-22589 is a high-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Spreecommerce Spree. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 15.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2026-22589 is an unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability, classified under CWE-639, affecting Spree, an open source e-commerce platform built on Ruby on Rails. The flaw exists in versions prior to 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, and 5.2.5, where attackers can access guest address information without providing valid credentials or session cookies. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), indicating high confidentiality impact with no requirements for privileges, user interaction, or scope changes.
Any unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability by leveraging the IDOR to directly reference and retrieve sensitive guest address data from the application. Exploitation requires low complexity, as no authentication or special conditions are needed, potentially enabling mass enumeration of customer information in exposed Spree deployments.
The Spree security advisory (GHSA-3ghg-3787-w2xr) and related GitHub commits detail the patch, which resolves the IDOR by enforcing proper authorization checks. Mitigation involves upgrading to Spree versions 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, or 5.2.5, as addressed in commits such as 16067def6de8e0742d55313e83b0fbab6d2fd795, 4c2bd62326fba0d846fd9e4bad2c62433829b3ad, d051925778f24436b62fa8e4a6b842c72ca80a67, and e1cff4605eb15472904602aebaf8f2d04852d6ad.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-1460
Vulnerability details
Spree is an open source e-commerce solution built with Ruby on Rails. Prior to versions 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, and 5.2.5, an Unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability was identified that allows an unauthenticated attacker to access guest address information…
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without supplying valid credentials or session cookies. This issue has been patched in versions 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, and 5.2.5.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Unauthenticated IDOR in public-facing Spree web app directly enables remote exploitation for data access (T1190) and retrieval of sensitive customer records from the application backend (T1005).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
AC-3 enforces approved authorizations for access to system resources, directly preventing unauthenticated IDOR exploitation to retrieve sensitive guest address information.
AC-14 explicitly identifies and authorizes only specific actions without identification or authentication, excluding unauthorized access to guest addresses via IDOR.
SI-2 requires identification, reporting, and correction of system flaws like this IDOR vulnerability through timely patching.