CVE-2026-22589

HighPublic PoC

Published: 10 January 2026

Published

10 January 2026

Modified

22 January 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0007 22.3th percentile

Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-22589 is a high-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Spreecommerce Spree. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 22.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.

Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

AC-24 Access Control Decisions

addresses: CWE-639

Per-request decision making makes it harder to bypass authorization using user-controlled keys without proper validation in the decision process.

AC-3 Access Enforcement

addresses: CWE-639

Consistent enforcement of approved authorizations makes bypassing via user-controlled keys ineffective.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1005 Data from Local System Collection

Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Unauthenticated IDOR in public-facing Spree web app directly enables remote exploitation for data access (T1190) and retrieval of sensitive customer records from the application backend (T1005).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Spree is an open source e-commerce solution built with Ruby on Rails. Prior to versions 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, and 5.2.5, an Unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability was identified that allows an unauthenticated attacker to access guest address information…

without supplying valid credentials or session cookies. This issue has been patched in versions 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, and 5.2.5.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-22589 is an unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability, classified under CWE-639, affecting Spree, an open source e-commerce platform built on Ruby on Rails. The flaw exists in versions prior to 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, and 5.2.5, where attackers can access guest address information without providing valid credentials or session cookies. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), indicating high confidentiality impact with no requirements for privileges, user interaction, or scope changes.

Any unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability by leveraging the IDOR to directly reference and retrieve sensitive guest address data from the application. Exploitation requires low complexity, as no authentication or special conditions are needed, potentially enabling mass enumeration of customer information in exposed Spree deployments.

The Spree security advisory (GHSA-3ghg-3787-w2xr) and related GitHub commits detail the patch, which resolves the IDOR by enforcing proper authorization checks. Mitigation involves upgrading to Spree versions 4.10.2, 5.0.7, 5.1.9, or 5.2.5, as addressed in commits such as 16067def6de8e0742d55313e83b0fbab6d2fd795, 4c2bd62326fba0d846fd9e4bad2c62433829b3ad, d051925778f24436b62fa8e4a6b842c72ca80a67, and e1cff4605eb15472904602aebaf8f2d04852d6ad.