Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-2549

High

Published: 16 February 2026

Published
16 February 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0006 18.8th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-2549 is a high-severity Incorrect Privilege Assignment (CWE-266) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.3 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 18.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190).
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-266

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-266

Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.

addresses: CWE-284 CWE-266

Defining account types, requiring approvals for creation, specifying authorizations, monitoring usage, and reviewing accounts directly prevents improper access control by ensuring only authorized accounts exist and are used.

addresses: CWE-266 CWE-284

The control requires explicit definition of separated access authorizations, making incorrect privilege assignments that bundle conflicting duties harder to implement.

addresses: CWE-266 CWE-284

Ensures privileges are assigned only as necessary rather than incorrectly over-granted.

addresses: CWE-284

Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.

addresses: CWE-284

Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.

addresses: CWE-284

By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Improper access control (CWE-284/266) in a network-exposed Java web controller allows unauthenticated remote manipulation with no user interaction, directly matching exploitation of public-facing applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A vulnerability has been found in zhanghuanhao LibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统 up to 1.1.1. This impacts an unknown function of the file BookController.java. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has…

more

been disclosed to the public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-2549 is a vulnerability in zhanghuanhao LibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统 versions up to 1.1.1. It stems from improper access controls in an unknown function of the BookController.java file, classified under CWEs 266 (Incorrect Privilege Assignment) and 284 (Improper Access Control). The issue was published on 2026-02-16 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating high severity due to its network-accessible nature.

The vulnerability enables remote exploitation without authentication, privileges, or user interaction, allowing attackers to manipulate the affected function over the network with low complexity. Successful attacks can result in low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling unauthorized access or modifications within the library management system.

Advisories from VulDB and the project's GitHub repository note that the issue was reported early via issue #32, but the maintainers have not responded or issued patches. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be actively used, with details available in the referenced GitHub issues and VulDB entries (ctiid.346158, id.346158).

Notable context includes the public availability of the exploit, increasing the risk for unpatched deployments of this open-source library management system.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-2218Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2025-0206Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-5569Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-5526Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-7468Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-2938Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-4194Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2025-2548Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-1962Shared CWE-266, CWE-284
CVE-2026-4180Shared CWE-266, CWE-284

References