Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-3285

Memory Safety in Berry-Lang Berry 1.1.0

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
27 February 2026
Modified
02 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 1.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0022 13th percentile
Risk Priority 20 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-3285 is a low-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Berry-Lang Berry. Its CVSS base score is 1.9 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Process Injection (T1055); ranked at the 13th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-3285 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability affecting berry-lang berry versions up to 1.1.0, specifically in the scan_string function within the file src/be_lexer.c. The issue stems from improper memory bounds handling, classified under CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer) and CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). It was published on 2026-02-27.

Exploitation requires local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), and low privileges (PR:L), with no user interaction needed (UI:N) and unchanged scope (S:U). A successful attack results in low confidentiality impact (C:L) through unauthorized memory reads, with no effects on integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N), yielding a CVSS v3.1 base score of 3.3. Local attackers with basic access can trigger the vulnerability.

Mitigation involves applying the patch at commit 7149c59a39ba44feca261b12f06089f265fec176, which is the recommended fix. Details are documented in the berry-lang GitHub repository, including issue #509, pull request #511, and a public exploit reproduction at https://github.com/oneafter/0211/blob/main/be/repro.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized by attackers.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability was determined in berry-lang berry up to 1.1.0. The affected element is the function scan_string of the file src/be_lexer.c. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. The attack requires local access. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be…

more

utilized. Patch name: 7149c59a39ba44feca261b12f06089f265fec176. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1055 Process Injection Stealth
Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-6271Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2025-5203Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2026-8088Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2025-5167Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2026-2242Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2024-26588Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2026-2869Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2026-7135Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2025-11414Shared CWE-119, CWE-125
CVE-2025-48429Shared CWE-119, CWE-125

Affected Assets

berry-lang
berry
1.1.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V17.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation directly finds out-of-bounds read flaws through static analysis, fuzzing, and dynamic bounds checks.

Secure engineering principles require memory-safe design and coding that structurally avoids buffer-boundary violations.

Process isolation confines the effects of an out-of-bounds read to the compromised process.

Input validation directly enforces bounds checking that stops out-of-bounds reads/writes from being introduced or reached.

Memory protection restricts exploitation impact of buffer overflows without eliminating the underlying coding flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (bounds checking, safe APIs, reviews) directly prevent this class of flaw.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis directly surface buffer-boundary flaws.

ID.RA-08 partial match
prevents

Receiving and triaging vulnerability disclosures commonly includes buffer-related reports.

PR.AT-02 partial match
prevents

Developer training on secure coding reduces introduction of memory-buffer errors.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching replaces vulnerable code containing buffer-boundary defects.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging can record evidence of an out-of-bounds read but does not prevent the weakness itself.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates memory-safety practices that directly prevent buffer-boundary violations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-safety rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safe design patterns that mitigate buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer operations, directly eliminating CWE-119.

References