Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-44005

RCE in Vm2 Project Vm2 3.9.6 – 3.11.0

Public PoCRCE
Published
13 May 2026
Modified
06 August 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 10.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0083 54th percentile
Risk Priority 73 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-44005 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Vm2 Project Vm2. Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Escape to Host (T1611); ranked in the top 46% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SC-2 (Separation of System and User Functionality) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. From 3.9.6 to 3.10.5, vm2's bridge exposes mutable proxies for real host-realm intrinsic prototypes and then forwards sandbox writes into the underlying host objects with otherReflectSet() and otherReflectDefineProperty(), which lets attacker-controlled JavaScript…

more

running in a default VM or inherited NodeVM mutate shared host Object.prototype, Array.prototype, and Function.prototype from inside the sandbox This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1611 Escape to Host Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may break out of a container or virtualized environment to gain access to the underlying host.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-43997Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2023-37466Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-44006Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-24781Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-26332Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-24118Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-24120Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-22709Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-44009Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2
CVE-2026-26956Same product: Vm2 Project Vm2

Affected Assets

vm2 project
vm2
3.9.6 — 3.11.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 8 hardening rules · 7 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V15.3.6
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Security function isolation is the canonical mechanism for protecting higher-privilege compartments.

Process isolation maintains separate execution domains so one process cannot affect another’s privilege level.

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Explicit separation of user and management functionality implements the required compartmentalization.

System partitioning creates distinct domains that enforce isolation between differently privileged components.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 full match
prevents

Least-privilege policy directly enforces separation of privilege levels and access rights.

PR.IR-01 mostly match
prevents

Network and environment segmentation implements the isolation required to prevent unauthorized cross-compartment access.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

degrades

Segregation of duties directly enforces separation of privilege levels and functions.

prevents

Network segregation is a classic technical control for isolating different privilege domains.

prevents

Secure system architecture principles explicitly call for isolation and least-privilege boundaries.

finds

Security testing in development catches prototype-pollution flaws before release.

prevents

Separation of development, test and production environments is a direct application of compartmentalization.

degrades

Access control policies establish the boundaries that isolation must enforce.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
  • V-271452 OL 9 must use a Linux Security Module configured to enforce limits on system services. prevents CWE-653
RHEL 9 (2 rules)
  • V-258078 RHEL 9 must use a Linux Security Module configured to enforce limits on system services. prevents CWE-653
  • V-272496 RHEL 9 must elevate the SELinux context when an administrator calls the sudo command. prevents CWE-653
Windows 10 (1 rule)
  • V-220712 Only accounts responsible for the administration of a system must have Administrator rights on the system. prevents CWE-653
Windows 11 (1 rule)
  • V-253269 Only accounts responsible for the administration of a system must have Administrator rights on the system. prevents CWE-653
Windows Server 2016 (1 rule)
  • V-225007 Only administrators responsible for the member server or standalone or nondomain-joined system must have Administrator rights on the system. prevents CWE-653

References