Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-44575

Auth Bypass in Vercel Next.Js 15.2.0 – 15.5.16

Auth Bypass
Published
13 May 2026
Modified
31 July 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.016 73th percentile
Risk Priority 60 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-44575 is a high-severity Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel (CWE-288) vulnerability in Vercel Next.Js. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 27% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-25 (Reference Monitor) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A07:2025 Authentication Failures

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 15.2.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, App Router applications that rely on middleware or proxy-based checks for authorization can allow unauthorized access through transport-specific route variants used for segment…

more

prefetching. In affected configurations, specially crafted .rsc and segment-prefetch URLs can resolve to the same page without being matched by the intended middleware rule, which can allow protected content to be reached without the expected authorization check. This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.

CWE(s)
CWE-288CWE-551

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
attack.mitre.org →
T1542.002 Component Firmware Stealth
Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems.
attack.mitre.org →
T1556 Modify Authentication Process Defense Impairment
Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-44574Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-45109Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-44573Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2024-46982Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-44578Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2025-57822Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-27978Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2024-34351Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2024-34350Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-64649Same product: Vercel Next.Js

Affected Assets

vercel
next.js
15.2.0 — 15.5.16 · 16.0.0 — 16.2.5

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 7 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V6.4.3
  • V6.6.1
  • V12.1.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-25 Reference Monitor good match

Requires a tamperproof, always-invoked reference monitor that structurally blocks bypass via any alternate path.

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

Enforces authorization checks on every logical access path, eliminating unauthenticated alternate channels.

IA-2 Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users) good match

Mandates unique identification and authentication for all organizational users, covering the primary authentication requirement.

SC-7 Boundary Protection partial match

Controls all external and key internal interfaces, reducing the chance of unauthenticated alternate channels.

SI-10 Information Input Validation partial match

SI-10 mandates validation (including canonicalization) of inputs before security decisions are made, directly stopping the incorrect ordering that enables the bypass.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-03 full match
prevents

Requiring authentication on every channel and path directly eliminates alternate-path bypasses.

PR.AA-05 mostly match
prevents

Enforcing authorizations and least privilege across all access vectors prevents unauthenticated alternate paths.

PR.IR-01 mostly match
prevents

Protecting networks and environments from unauthorized logical access blocks bypass via undocumented channels.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require correct authorization logic after parsing/canonicalization to prevent bypasses.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect alternate-path bypasses but does not prevent them in production.

A.8.5 Secure authentication mostly match
degrades

Secure authentication control directly mitigates bypass by requiring strong, consistent authentication on all paths.

A.5.15 Access control partial match
prevents

Access control policy directly addresses alternate authentication paths by requiring all channels to enforce authentication.

A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
degrades

Authentication information management ensures credentials and mechanisms are consistently applied across all access paths.

A.5.18 Access rights partial match
prevents

Access rights provisioning and review prevent bypass via unmonitored or alternate channels.

A.8.2 Privileged access rights partial match
prevents

Privileged access rights control reduces risk of bypass through elevated or alternate paths.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
  • V-248598 There must be no ".shosts" files on the OL 8 operating system. prevents CWE-288
  • V-248827 OL 8 must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-288
Oracle Linux 9 (2 rules)
  • V-271757 OL 9 file systems must not contain shosts.equiv files. prevents CWE-288
  • V-271758 OL 9 file systems must not contain .shosts files. prevents CWE-288
RHEL 7 (3 rules)
  • V-204440 Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating systems version 7.2 or newer using Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-288
  • V-204442 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-288
  • V-204424 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not allow accounts configured with blank or null passwords. prevents CWE-288

References