Cyber Resilience

CVE-2020-37012

RCE

Published
29 January 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0076 51th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2020-37012 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 49% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2020-37012 is a remote code execution vulnerability in Tea LaTeX 1.0. The flaw resides in the /api.php endpoint, specifically the tex2png API action, which processes crafted malicious LaTeX payloads containing shell commands, resulting in arbitrary command execution. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and maps to CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command).

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability with low complexity and no privileges or user interaction required. By sending a specially crafted LaTeX payload to the vulnerable endpoint, attackers achieve execution of arbitrary shell commands on the server, enabling full system compromise with high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Advisories and references, including the Vulncheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tea-latex-remote-code-execution and Exploit-DB entries at https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48805, document the issue and provide exploit details; the GitHub repository at https://github.com/ammarfaizi2/latex.teainside.org offers source context for affected Tea LaTeX 1.0.

A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on Exploit-DB, highlighting active exploit development.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Tea LaTex 1.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands through the /api.php endpoint. Attackers can craft a malicious LaTeX payload with shell commands that are executed when processed by the application's…

more

tex2png API action.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

CVE enables unauthenticated RCE via command injection in a public-facing web API (/api.php), directly mapping to T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) and facilitating arbitrary Unix shell command execution (T1059.004).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-57639Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-0654Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-28209Shared CWE-78
CVE-2024-24333Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-28138Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-25196Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-34793Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-60959Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-27728Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-23515Shared CWE-78

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SC-7 Boundary Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SC-7 Boundary Protection
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly mitigates command injection (CWE-78) by validating LaTeX payloads for illicit shell commands before processing in the tex2png API action.

prevent

Remediates the specific flaw in the /api.php tex2png endpoint to eliminate arbitrary shell command execution.

preventdetect

Enforces boundary protection at network interfaces to filter and block malicious LaTeX payloads targeting the unauthenticated endpoint.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References