CVE-2023-5077

Designation of a manager and policy dissemination ensures privileges are assigned according to defined roles.

Ensures privileges are assigned only as necessary rather than incorrectly over-granted.

Regular reviews catch incorrect privilege assignments to users, roles, or processes.

Attribute management for resources provides a mechanism to assign and maintain correct permissions based on security labels.

Explicitly specifying privileges and group/role memberships for accounts reduces the risk of incorrect privilege assignments.

The control requires explicit definition of separated access authorizations, making incorrect privilege assignments that bundle conflicting duties harder to implement.

Training policy covers correct permission assignment, reducing the ability to exploit incorrect permission assignments for critical resources.

Training on permission management reduces incorrect permission assignments for critical resources.

Directly enforces least-privilege policy definition, management, and review that prevents incorrect privilege assignments.

A.5.1 only requires the existence of an overarching policy and topic-specific policies (including on access control); it does not itself enforce, implement, or act on permissions and therefore cannot stop CWE-732 from being exploitable.

A.5.12 only defines and communicates a classification scheme (with owners accountable for applying it); it does not itself enforce, restrict or decide any permissions, so the CWE-732 permission flaw can still be present and exploitable.

A.5.15 directly requires determining access needs, defining/enforcing topic-specific access control policy and rules (including need-to-know, privilege restrictions, segregation, formal authorization, role-based mapping, and consistency with classification), which stops most incorrect privilege assignments from being exploitable; the bounded remainder is incorrect assignments that arise from flawed implementation of those rules rather than from their absence.