CVE-2025-15623
Sparxsystems Pro Cloud Server 6.0.163
Raw vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:P/AU:Y/R:X/V:C/RE:M/U:RedSummary
CVE-2025-15623 is a critical-severity Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor (CWE-359) vulnerability in Sparxsystems Pro Cloud Server. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique System Information Discovery (T1082); ranked at the 18th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-21 (Information Sharing) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-209513
Vulnerability Data
Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor, : Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in Sparx Systems Pty Ltd. Sparx Pro Cloud Server. Unauthenticated user can retrieve database password in plaintext in certain…
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situations
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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- 7 hardening rules · 4 OS baselines
V10.3.5V10.7.2V14.1.2
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Enforces authorizations so that PII is not reachable by unauthorized actors.
Requires explicit verification that a recipient's authorizations match the sensitivity of shared PII.
Enforces information flow policies that block sensitive system data from crossing into unauthorized control spheres.
Limits granted rights to the minimum needed, reducing the set of actors who can reach private data.
Documents the legal or consent basis required before any processing of PII occurs.
Implements consent mechanisms that directly block access absent the individual's permission.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Enforcing least-privilege access permissions directly prevents unauthorized actors from reaching sensitive system information.
Protecting environments from unauthorized logical access stops exposure of internal system details to outsiders.
Secure-development practices reduce the chance of code paths that leak sensitive system information.
CWE-359 does not impair RC.CO-04's ability to issue approved public recovery updates, yet any resulting PII exposure can partially undermine the outcome's overall efficacy and trust.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Masking or anonymizing personal identifiers limits the amount of private personal information that can be disclosed through application outputs or logs.
Monitoring and quarantining outbound messages that contain personal or private data directly reduces the chance that such information will be disclosed to unauthorized recipients.
The explicit prohibition on copying personally identifiable information into development and test environments directly lowers the exposure of private personal data to staff or processes that should not see it.
Labeling, chain-of-custody, and access-control requirements limit the exposure of private personal information during any transfer method.
Mandating privacy procedures and a designated privacy officer helps ensure that private personal information is not disclosed without proper authorization or necessity.
The agreements impose enforceable restrictions on the handling of private personal information, thereby decreasing the risk that such data will be exposed to unauthorized parties.
Hardening callouts derived
Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).
Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
- V-248551 A sticky bit must be set on all OL 8 public directories to prevent unauthorized and unintended information transferred via shared system resources. prevents CWE-497
- V-248580 OL 8 must prevent kernel profiling by unprivileged users. prevents CWE-497
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
- V-230270 RHEL 8 must prevent kernel profiling by unprivileged users. prevents CWE-497
Ubuntu 22.04 (2 rules)
- V-260470 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, when booted, must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-497
- V-260531 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must configure the SSH daemon to use FIPS 140-3-approved ciphers to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission. prevents CWE-359
Ubuntu 24.04 (2 rules)
- V-270670 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must configure the SSH client to use FIPS 140-3 approved ciphers to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission. prevents CWE-359
- V-270675 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS when booted must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-497