CVE-2025-22152

CriticalRCE

Published: 10 January 2025

Published

10 January 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0009 25.3th percentile

Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-22152 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 25.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Directly mitigates the core issue of improper validation of $path and $target parameters, preventing path traversal, code injection, and arbitrary file operations.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Ensures timely identification, reporting, and patching of the specific flaw fixed in Atheos v600, blocking exploitation of the vulnerability.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions good match

prevent

Restricts input types and values at application boundaries to valid paths and targets, complementing validation to block traversal and injection attempts.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1100 Web Shell Persistence

A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Path traversal + code injection in public-facing PHP web IDE directly enables remote exploitation (T1190) and arbitrary file execution for web shell deployment (T1100).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Atheos is a self-hosted browser-based cloud IDE. Prior to v600, the $path and $target parameters are not properly validated across multiple components, allowing an attacker to read, modify, or execute arbitrary files on the server. These vulnerabilities can be exploited…

through various attack vectors present in multiple PHP files. This vulnerability is fixed in v600.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-22152 is a high-severity vulnerability in Atheos, a self-hosted browser-based cloud IDE, affecting versions prior to v600. It arises from improper validation of the $path and $target parameters across multiple components, enabling path traversal (CWE-22), code injection (CWE-94), and unquoted search path or element issues (CWE-434). These flaws exist in various PHP files and allow attackers to read, modify, or execute arbitrary files on the server. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), reflecting critical impacts with changed scope.

A privileged user (PR:H) can exploit this over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). Successful exploitation grants the ability to perform arbitrary file reads, modifications, or executions, potentially leading to complete server compromise, including data exfiltration, persistence, or further lateral movement.

The issue is addressed in Atheos v600, which includes fixes for parameter validation. Additional details are available in the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/Atheos/Atheos/security/advisories/GHSA-rgjm-6p59-537v.