Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23499

High

Published: 16 January 2025

Published
16 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0014 33.7th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23499 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 33.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23499 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Board Election WordPress plugin by Pascal Casier that allows Stored XSS. This issue affects the plugin from unknown initial versions through version 1.0.1 inclusive. The vulnerability is associated with CWE-352 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating high severity due to network accessibility, low attack complexity, no required privileges, user interaction, and changed scope with low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability without authentication privileges over the network by tricking authenticated users into performing unintended actions via a forged request, leading to the storage of malicious XSS payloads. Once stored, the XSS executes in the context of other users viewing affected pages, potentially enabling theft of session data, site defacement, or further compromise within the changed scope of the Cross-Origin Resource Sharing.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/board-election/vulnerability/wordpress-board-election-plugin-1-0-1-csrf-to-stored-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents the CSRF-to-Stored XSS vulnerability specifically in Board Election plugin version 1.0.1 and provides details on the issue for mitigation guidance.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Pascal Casier Board Election board-election allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Board Election: from n/a through <= 1.0.1.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
T1491.002 External Defacement Impact
An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users.
Why these techniques?

CSRF to stored XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables T1190 (network exploit of public app), T1204.001 (user tricked via malicious link to trigger forged request), T1185 (XSS enables session data theft), and T1491.002 (XSS enables site defacement).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-24561Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23662Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-28894Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23659Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-30603Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-25121Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-24001Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-25147Shared CWE-352
CVE-2026-34904Shared CWE-352
CVE-2024-26153Shared CWE-352

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

SC-23 enforces session authenticity mechanisms like anti-CSRF tokens, directly preventing forged requests that trick users into storing malicious XSS payloads.

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of all inputs to the Board Election plugin, blocking malicious XSS payloads from being stored via CSRF exploitation.

prevent

SI-15 mandates output filtering and encoding, preventing execution of any stored XSS payloads when affected pages are viewed by other users.

References