Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23597

High

Published: 22 January 2025

Published
22 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0035 57.6th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23597 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 42.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23597 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the Rio Photo Gallery WordPress plugin by sabareesha (rio-photo-gallery). This issue affects all versions of the plugin from n/a through 0.1 inclusive. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating high severity due to its network accessibility and scope change.

A remote, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting malicious input that is reflected in web page generation, tricking a user into interacting with it, such as clicking a malicious link. Upon successful exploitation, the attacker achieves arbitrary script execution in the victim's browser context, leading to low-level impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/rio-photo-gallery/vulnerability/wordpress-rio-photo-gallery-plugin-0-1-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve provides details on this WordPress plugin vulnerability, which security practitioners should consult for recommended mitigations such as patching or plugin removal.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in sabareesha Rio Photo Gallery rio-photo-gallery allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects Rio Photo Gallery: from n/a through <= 0.1.

CWE(s)
CWE-79

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.007 JavaScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables exploitation of web applications (T1190) and arbitrary JavaScript execution in browser context (T1059.007).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-3231Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23481Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-69302Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23734Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23571Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-65110Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-24948Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-27352Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-30349Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-3876Shared CWE-79

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly requires validation and sanitization of external user inputs before web page generation, preventing reflected XSS exploitation in the Rio Photo Gallery plugin.

SI-15 Information Output Filtering good match
prevent

Mandates filtering of information outputs to neutralize malicious scripts reflected from untrusted inputs in the vulnerable plugin.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and remediation of the specific XSS flaw in the Rio Photo Gallery WordPress plugin.

References