Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23784

High

Published: 22 January 2025

Published
22 January 2025
Modified
29 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 7.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0018 40.0th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23784 is a high-severity SQL Injection (CWE-89) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.6 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Databases (T1213.006); ranked at the 40.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23784 is an SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) stemming from improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command. It affects the WordPress plugin "Contact Form 7 Round Robin Lead Distribution" by David Jeffrey, with the flaw present in all versions up to and including 1.2.1.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L). Attackers with high privileges, such as authenticated administrators, can exploit it remotely over the network with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables high-impact confidentiality violations, such as unauthorized data extraction from the database, alongside low availability disruption and a changed scope, but no integrity impact.

Mitigation details are available in advisories like the Patchstack database entry at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/contact-form-7-round-robin-lead-distribution/vulnerability/wordpress-contact-form-7-round-robin-lead-distribution-plugin-1-2-1-sql-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in David Jeffrey Contact Form 7 Round Robin Lead Distribution contact-form-7-round-robin-lead-distribution allows SQL Injection.This issue affects Contact Form 7 Round Robin Lead Distribution: from n/a through <=…

more

1.2.1.

CWE(s)
CWE-89

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1213.006 Databases Collection
Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

SQL injection enables authenticated admins to extract data from the database, directly facilitating T1213.006 (Data from Information Repositories: Databases).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-30571Shared CWE-89
CVE-2024-57775Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-29081Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-48232Shared CWE-89
CVE-2025-30791Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-32366Shared CWE-89
CVE-2024-57770Shared CWE-89
CVE-2025-22710Shared CWE-89
CVE-2025-31466Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-40745Shared CWE-89

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

SI-10 mandates validation of information inputs to neutralize special elements, directly preventing SQL injection exploits like CVE-2025-23784.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

SI-2 requires identification, reporting, and correction of system flaws, enabling patching of the vulnerable Contact Form 7 Round Robin Lead Distribution plugin.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions partial match
prevent

SI-9 enforces restrictions on information inputs such as types, lengths, and ranges, mitigating SQL injection by blocking malicious payloads.

References