Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-30584

High

Published: 24 March 2025

Published
24 March 2025
Modified
28 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0016 36.7th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-30584 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 36.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-30584 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability, classified under CWE-352, in the AlphaOmega Captcha & Anti-Spam Filter WordPress plugin developed by alphaomegaplugins. The flaw enables Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and affects all versions of the plugin from unspecified initial releases through 3.3 inclusive. Published on 2025-03-24, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L).

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely without requiring authentication privileges. By tricking an authenticated user, such as a site administrator, into visiting a malicious webpage or clicking a crafted link, the attacker can force a state-changing request to the vulnerable plugin endpoint. This results in the storage of a malicious XSS payload on the target site, which executes in the context of other users' browsers due to the changed scope, enabling potential theft of session data or further site compromise with low impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Mitigation details are available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/alphaomega-captcha-anti-spam/vulnerability/wordpress-alphaomega-captcha-anti-spam-filter-plugin-3-3-csrf-to-stored-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in alphaomegaplugins AlphaOmega Captcha & Anti-Spam Filter alphaomega-captcha-anti-spam allows Stored XSS.This issue affects AlphaOmega Captcha & Anti-Spam Filter: from n/a through <= 3.3.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.007 JavaScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.
T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
Why these techniques?

CSRF to stored XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables T1190 (exploit public-facing app), T1059.007 (JavaScript execution via XSS payload), and T1185 (browser session hijacking for session theft).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-26578Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23654Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-25135Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-28931Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23980Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23710Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23822Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-25128Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23900Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-31616Shared CWE-352

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

SC-23 requires mechanisms such as anti-CSRF tokens to verify session authenticity for state-changing requests, directly preventing the forged requests that store malicious XSS payloads in this CVE.

prevent

SI-10 enforces validation of inputs to the plugin endpoint, rejecting malicious XSS payloads before they are stored via the CSRF attack.

prevent

SI-15 applies output filtering and encoding to prevent execution of any stored XSS payloads in the context of other users' browsers.

References