Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-34060

RCE

Published
01 July 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v4 10.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0069 50th percentile
Risk Priority 50 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-34060 is a critical-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Swap (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Supply Chain Compromise (T1195); ranked at the 50th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A PHP object injection vulnerability exists in the Monero Project’s Laravel-based forum software, stemming from unsafe handling of untrusted input in the /get/image/ endpoint. The application passes a user-supplied link parameter directly to file_get_contents() without validation. MIME type checks using PHP’s finfo can be bypassed via crafted stream filter chains that prepend spoofed headers, allowing access to internal Laravel configuration files. This leads to extraction of the APP_KEY from config/app.php, enabling forged encrypted cookies and unsafe unserialize() calls that result in remote code execution. The issue is tracked as CVE-2025-34060 with a CVSS score of 10.0 and is associated with CWE-20, CWE-502, and CWE-829.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit the flaw over the network without user interaction or credentials. By supplying a malicious link parameter, an attacker can read sensitive configuration data, forge session cookies, and trigger object deserialization to execute arbitrary code on the server, achieving full compromise of the affected forum instance.

The EPSS score remains flat at 0.0189 with no material increase observed since disclosure. Public references at https://swap.gs/posts/monero-forums/ and https://vulncheck.com/advisories/monero-forum-rce provide further technical details on the issue.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A PHP objection injection vulnerability exists in the Monero Project’s Laravel-based forum software due to unsafe handling of untrusted input in the /get/image/ endpoint. The application passes a user-supplied link parameter directly to file_get_contents() without validation. MIME type checks using…

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PHP’s finfo can be bypassed via crafted stream filter chains that prepend spoofed headers, allowing access to internal Laravel configuration files. An attacker can extract the APP_KEY from config/app.php, forge encrypted cookies, and trigger unsafe unserialize() calls, leading to reliable remote code execution.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1195 Supply Chain Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.
T1176 Software Extensions Persistence
Adversaries may abuse software extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1195.001 Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools Initial Access
Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1505.004 IIS Components Persistence
Adversaries may install malicious components that run on Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers to establish persistence.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-30092Shared CWE-20, CWE-829
CVE-2023-40195Shared CWE-502, CWE-829
CVE-2026-34442Shared CWE-20, CWE-829
CVE-2026-43944Shared CWE-20, CWE-829
CVE-2025-10771Shared CWE-20, CWE-502
CVE-2026-14637Shared CWE-20, CWE-502
CVE-2025-11938Shared CWE-20, CWE-502
CVE-2025-3413Shared CWE-20, CWE-502
CVE-2025-3590Shared CWE-20, CWE-502
CVE-2024-13136Shared CWE-20, CWE-502

Affected Assets

Swap
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 12 hardening rules · 6 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V14.2.3
  • V3.5.6
  • V9.1.3
  • V15.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing input validation through analysis or test cases.

SI-10 directly requires validity checks on information inputs, structurally preventing improper or missing validation.

Requires documented, valid provenance for components, preventing acceptance of code from outside the trusted sphere.

Requiring documented development standards and tools can embed input-validation practices into the engineering process.

Engineering principles such as safe deserialization and input sanitization structurally prevent the weakness from being introduced.

Integrity verification tools can detect malformed or tampered serialized data after the fact.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

ID.RA-09 full match
prevents

Pre-acquisition integrity/authenticity checks directly prevent inclusion of untrusted code.

GV.SC-01 mostly match
prevents

Supply-chain program directly governs inclusion of third-party executable code.

GV.SC-05 mostly match
prevents

Contractual requirements can mandate trusted sources and integrity checks for included functionality.

GV.SC-07 mostly match
prevents

Supplier risk assessment explicitly covers risks from their products and libraries.

ID.RA-10 mostly match
prevents

Critical-supplier assessment reduces risk of importing executable functionality from untrusted parties.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require and enforce input validation during development.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

By requiring suppliers to propagate security requirements and to disclose component provenance, the control limits the inclusion of functionality obtained from untrusted third-party sources without oversight.

finds

Testing against a defined set of requirements and using code review plus vulnerability scanning forces validation of inputs and handling of unanticipated conditions, reducing the chance that malformed data will be accepted.

prevents

Secure-coding guidelines and mandatory security testing (including code scans) compel developers to validate and sanitize inputs at design and implementation time, lowering the incidence of malformed or malicious data reaching downstream components.

prevents

Mandating input controls that include integrity checks and input validation ensures that untrusted data is examined before use, blocking the root cause of many injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

prevents

Security-by-design principles explicitly call for data validation and sanitization at every layer, reducing the chance that malformed or malicious input will be processed without scrutiny.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure coding standards, peer review, SAST and documented mitigation of common programming errors forces validation of all inputs before they are trusted.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248635 Executable search paths within the initialization files of all local interactive OL 8 users must only contain paths that resolve to the system default or the user's home directory. prevents CWE-829
Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
  • V-271847 OL 9 must be configured so that executable search paths within the initialization files of all local interactive users must only contain paths that resolve to the system default or the users home directory. prevents CWE-829
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204477 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be configured so that all local interactive user initialization files executable search paths contain only paths that resolve to the users home directory. prevents CWE-829
RHEL 8 (2 rules)
  • V-230265 RHEL 8 must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components of local packages without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. prevents CWE-20
  • V-230317 Executable search paths within the initialization files of all local interactive RHEL 8 users must only contain paths that resolve to the system default or the users home directory. prevents CWE-829
RHEL 9 (1 rule)
  • V-258050 Executable search paths within the initialization files of all local interactive RHEL 9 users must only contain paths that resolve to the system default or the users home directory. prevents CWE-829
Windows 10 (1 rule)
  • V-220737 Administrative accounts must not be used with applications that access the Internet, such as web browsers, or with potential Internet sources, such as email. prevents CWE-829

References