Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-4686

HighUpdated

Published: 30 January 2026

Published
30 January 2026
Modified
05 June 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 8.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0030 21.4th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-4686 is a high-severity SQL Injection (CWE-89) vulnerability in Gov (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.6 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 21.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-4686 is an SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-89) caused by improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command. It affects Kodmatic Computer Software Tourism Construction Industry and Trade Ltd. Co.'s Online Exam and Assessment software, with all versions through 30012026 vulnerable. The issue was published on 2026-01-30 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

Remote, unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables limited impacts on confidentiality and integrity, such as partial data exposure or modification, alongside a high availability impact, potentially disrupting service through malicious SQL queries.

The primary advisory is available from USOM at https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-26-0010. The vendor was contacted early regarding disclosure but provided no response, indicating no patches or mitigations have been issued.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in Kodmatic Computer Software Tourism Construction Industry and Trade Ltd. Co. Online Exam and Assessment allows SQL Injection. This issue affects Online Exam and Assessment: through 30012026.…

more

NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CWE(s)
CWE-89

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Direct remote SQL injection in a public-facing web application enables unauthenticated exploitation over the network.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-24956Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-33615Shared CWE-89
CVE-2025-28939Shared CWE-89
CVE-2021-47872Shared CWE-89
CVE-2025-28873Shared CWE-89
CVE-2019-25636Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-32611Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-42755Shared CWE-89
CVE-2024-53544Shared CWE-89
CVE-2026-21410Shared CWE-89

Affected Assets

Gov
—
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly requires validating and sanitizing information inputs to prevent improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands, mitigating SQL injection exploitation.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
preventrecover

Mandates timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like this SQL injection vulnerability in the Online Exam software.

RA-5 Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning good match
detect

Requires vulnerability scanning that identifies SQL injection flaws such as CVE-2025-4686 for proactive mitigation.

References