Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-53228

High

Published: 20 February 2026

Published
20 February 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0001 3.1th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53228 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Drive-by Compromise (T1189); ranked at the 3.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-53228 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the bbPress Simple Advert Units WordPress plugin by jezza101. This issue affects all versions of the plugin from n/a through 0.41 inclusive. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1, with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L, indicating network accessibility, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction needed, changed scope, and low impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Any unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by delivering malicious input that is reflected unsanitized into dynamically generated web pages. Exploitation requires tricking a user into interacting with the crafted payload, such as clicking a link or viewing a page, which triggers script execution in the victim's browser context. Successful attacks could enable theft of session cookies, defacement, or other client-side impacts aligned with the low-rated confidentiality, integrity, and availability effects.

Patchstack provides details on this vulnerability, including the specific Cross-site Scripting issue in bbPress Simple Advert Units version 0.41, via their advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/bbpress-simple-advert-units/vulnerability/wordpress-bbpress-simple-advert-units-plugin-0-41-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve. Security practitioners should consult this reference for recommended mitigations, such as updating the plugin or applying available patches.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in jezza101 bbpress Simple Advert Units bbpress-simple-advert-units allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects bbpress Simple Advert Units: from n/a through <= 0.41.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS enables drive-by compromise via malicious links and direct theft of web session cookies through unsanitized script execution in the victim's browser.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-23489Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23847Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-25099Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-3178Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-1320Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-25108Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-25346Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-34568Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-25369Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23543Shared CWE-79

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation and neutralization of untrusted input before it is reflected into web page output, preventing the exact CWE-79 flaw described.

prevent

Mandates filtering or encoding of information sent to users, blocking unsanitized reflected script payloads from executing in the victim's browser.

preventdetect

Provides malicious-code detection and blocking mechanisms that can identify or stop reflected XSS payloads delivered via crafted links.

References