CVE-2025-5787
Published: 06 June 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-5787 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink X15 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
A buffer overflow vulnerability affects the TOTOLINK X15 router running firmware version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. The flaw resides in an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formWsc within the HTTP POST Request Handler component. Manipulation of the submit-url argument triggers the overflow, which is tracked as CWE-119 and CWE-120 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4.
An authenticated remote attacker can send a crafted HTTP POST request to the affected endpoint to exploit the issue. Successful exploitation may allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code or crash the device, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Public references include a disclosed proof-of-concept on GitHub along with entries on VulDB, but no vendor advisory or patch details are provided in the available information. The EPSS score remains low at approximately 0.0167 with a peak of 0.0168, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-17322
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formWsc of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads…
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to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in the router's public-facing web interface (/boafrm/formWsc) via remote HTTP POST enables exploitation of public-facing applications for initial access or denial of service.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.