CVE-2025-66588

Critical

Published: 11 December 2025

Published

11 December 2025

Modified

02 January 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0014 33.7th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-66588 is a critical-severity Access of Uninitialized Pointer (CWE-824) vulnerability in Azeotech Daqfactory. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 33.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SA-22 (Unsupported System Components) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Mandates timely identification, reporting, and correction of software flaws like the uninitialized pointer vulnerability in DAQFactory 20.7 Build 2555 to prevent remote arbitrary code execution.

SA-22 Unsupported System Components good match

prevent

Prohibits deployment and use of unsupported system components, such as the vulnerable DAQFactory release, requiring replacement to eliminate exposure to this specific uninitialized pointer flaw.

SI-16 Memory Protection partial match

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms like ASLR and DEP that hinder exploitation of uninitialized pointer dereferences for arbitrary code execution even if the underlying flaw persists.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The vulnerability enables remote unauthenticated arbitrary code execution in a network-accessible application, directly mapping to exploitation of public-facing applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

In AzeoTech DAQFactory release 20.7 (Build 2555), an Access of Uninitialized Pointer vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker which can lead to arbitrary code execution.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-66588 is an Access of Uninitialized Pointer vulnerability (CWE-824) in AzeoTech DAQFactory release 20.7 (Build 2555). Published on 2025-12-11, this flaw allows exploitation leading to arbitrary code execution.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), making it highly severe. Remote attackers require no privileges or user interaction and face low attack complexity over the network, achieving high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability through arbitrary code execution.

Mitigation guidance is available in CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-345-03 at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-345-03.