Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-9090

LowPublic PoC

Published: 17 August 2025

Published
17 August 2025
Modified
29 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 2.1 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0368 88.2th percentile
Risk Priority 6 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-9090 is a low-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Tenda Ac20 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 2.1 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Network Device CLI (T1059.008); ranked in the top 11.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 CM-7 (Least Functionality) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

A vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-9090 affects the Tenda AC20 router running firmware 16.03.08.12. It resides in the websFormDefine function within the /goform/telnet file of the Telnet Service component. The issue stems from improper handling of input that permits command injection, as classified under CWE-74 and CWE-77.

The flaw can be exploited remotely by an authenticated user with low privileges. Successful manipulation allows an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary commands, resulting in limited impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected device. A proof-of-concept exploit has been publicly disclosed via GitHub and is available for use.

The EPSS score for this CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.0924 on 2025-12-18 before receding to the current value of 0.0368, indicating emerging exploitation interest after disclosure. The provided references consist of public vulnerability database entries and exploit details but contain no information on official patches or mitigation steps.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability was identified in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. Affected is the function websFormDefine of the file /goform/telnet of the component Telnet Service. The manipulation leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been…

more

disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1202 Indirect Command Execution Stealth
Adversaries may abuse utilities that allow for command execution to bypass security restrictions that limit the use of command-line interpreters.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

Command injection in the web-managed Telnet service enables remote exploitation of a public-facing application (T1190), exploitation of remote services (T1210), indirect command execution (T1202), and execution of CLI commands on the network device (T1059.008).

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-9087Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-9088Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-8131Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-9791Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-14655Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-14654Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-9046Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-10815Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-11385Same product: Tenda Ac20
CVE-2025-13258Same product: Tenda Ac20

Affected Assets

tenda
ac20 firmware
16.03.08.12

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of all inputs to the websFormDefine function, blocking the command injection payload before execution.

prevent

Requires disabling or restricting non-essential functions such as the exposed Telnet service (/goform/telnet) that contains the vulnerable code path.

prevent

Limits the privileges available to the low-privilege account used in the exploit, reducing the scope of commands that can be injected.

References