Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-26092

RCE in Puzzle Liima ≤ 1.17.28

RCE
Published
20 February 2023
Modified
17 March 2025
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0086 55th percentile
Risk Priority 73 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-26092 is a critical-severity Expression Language Injection (CWE-917) vulnerability in Puzzle Liima. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 45% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Liima before 1.17.28 allows server-side template injection.

CWE(s)
CWE-917

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-26093Same product: Puzzle Liima
CVE-2024-0715Shared CWE-917
CVE-2023-32200Shared CWE-917
CVE-2020-17530Shared CWE-917
CVE-2021-26084Shared CWE-917
CVE-2026-31380Shared CWE-917
CVE-2022-26134Shared CWE-917
CVE-2023-27821Shared CWE-917
CVE-2026-2587Shared CWE-917
CVE-2025-11175Shared CWE-917

Affected Assets

puzzle
liima
≤ 1.17.28

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.3.2
  • V1.3.5
  • V4.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input neutralization and safe EL construction to prevent injection flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect EL injection but does not itself implement the fix.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and output encoding that directly prevent expression-language injection.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including EL injection.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of expression-language statements.

References