Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-40481

High

Published: 03 May 2024

Published
03 May 2024
Modified
12 August 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3 7.8 CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.1181 93.9th percentile
Risk Priority 23 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-40481 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787) vulnerability in 7-Zip 7-Zip. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 6.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2023-40481 is an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in 7-Zip's handling of SquashFS (SQFS) files. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied data during file parsing, allowing a write past the end of an allocated buffer. It affects 7-Zip installations and carries a CVSS 7.8 score reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability when successfully exploited.

Remote attackers can leverage the issue for arbitrary code execution in the context of the current 7-Zip process. Exploitation requires user interaction, specifically that the target open a malicious SQFS file or visit a page serving one, after which the attacker gains code execution on the affected system.

The EPSS score has remained flat at a peak of 0.1080 since disclosure, indicating no material increase in observed exploitation interest. Public references point to Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-23-1164 and associated SourceForge discussion threads for further vendor details.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

7-Zip SquashFS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of 7-Zip. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious…

more

page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SQFS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18589.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

7-zip
7-zip
22.01

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-787

Out-of-bounds writes that corrupt control flow or inject shellcode are rendered non-executable by the same memory protections.

References