Cyber Posture

CVE-2024-12549

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
19 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0025 48.5th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-12549 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Tungstenautomation Power Pdf. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, ranked at the 48.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Flaw remediation directly prevents exploitation by identifying, reporting, and patching the out-of-bounds read in JP2 file parsing within Tungsten Automation Power PDF.

prevent

Information input validation enforces proper bounds checking on user-supplied JP2 data to block the read past allocated objects that enables RCE.

prevent

Memory protection safeguards such as DEP and ASLR prevent arbitrary code execution in the current process context from the out-of-bounds read vulnerability.

NVD Description

Tungsten Automation Power PDF JP2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that…

more

the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25565.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-12549 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the JP2 file parsing component of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. The flaw stems from a lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, resulting in a read past the end of an allocated object. This issue affects installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF and can enable remote code execution.

Remote attackers can exploit the vulnerability by inducing a target user to visit a malicious web page or open a malicious file, as user interaction is required. No privileges are needed (PR:N), and exploitation has low complexity (AC:L) with local attack vector (AV:L). Successful exploitation allows arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process, with high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 and is categorized under CWE-125.

The Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-24-1679 (ZDI-CAN-25565) details the vulnerability at https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1679/.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

tungstenautomation
power pdf
≤ 5.1.1.2

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-12550Same product: Tungstenautomation Power Pdf
CVE-2024-12551Same product: Tungstenautomation Power Pdf
CVE-2024-12547Same product: Tungstenautomation Power Pdf
CVE-2025-64735Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-31641Shared CWE-125
CVE-2024-57982Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-24873Shared CWE-125
CVE-2025-71231Shared CWE-125
CVE-2025-21782Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-27294Shared CWE-125

References